Reversal algorithm for array rotation
Write a function rotate(arr[], d, n) that rotates arr[] of size n by d elements.
Example:

Rotation of the above array by 2 will make array

Method (The Reversal Algorithm)
Algorithm:
Reverse A to get ArB. /* Ar is reverse of A */
Reverse B to get ArBr. /* Br is reverse of B */
Reverse all to get (ArBr) r = BA.
For arr[] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], d =2 and n = 7
A = [1, 2] and B = [3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
Reverse A, we get ArB = [2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
Reverse B, we get ArBr = [2, 1, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3]
Reverse all, we get (ArBr)r = [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 1, 2]
Implementation:
Example:
Input: arr[] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
d = 2
Output: arr[] = [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 1, 2]
Rotation of the above array by 2 will make array
Method (The Reversal Algorithm)
Algorithm:
rotate(arr[], d, n) reverse(arr[], 1, d) ; reverse(arr[], d + 1, n); reverse(arr[], l, n);Let AB are the two parts of the input array where A = arr[0..d-1] and B = arr[d..n-1]. The idea of the algorithm is:
Reverse A to get ArB. /* Ar is reverse of A */
Reverse B to get ArBr. /* Br is reverse of B */
Reverse all to get (ArBr) r = BA.
For arr[] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], d =2 and n = 7
A = [1, 2] and B = [3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
Reverse A, we get ArB = [2, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
Reverse B, we get ArBr = [2, 1, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3]
Reverse all, we get (ArBr)r = [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 1, 2]
Implementation:
// C/C++ program for reversal algorithm of array rotation#include<stdio.h>/*Utility function to print an array */void printArray(int arr[], int size);/* Utility function to reverse arr[] from start to end */void rvereseArray(int arr[], int start, int end);/* Function to left rotate arr[] of size n by d */void leftRotate(int arr[], int d, int n){ rvereseArray(arr, 0, d-1); rvereseArray(arr, d, n-1); rvereseArray(arr, 0, n-1);}/*UTILITY FUNCTIONS*//* function to print an array */void printArray(int arr[], int size){ int i; for (i = 0; i < size; i++) printf("%d ", arr[i]);}/*Function to reverse arr[] from index start to end*/void rvereseArray(int arr[], int start, int end){ int temp; while (start < end) { temp = arr[start]; arr[start] = arr[end]; arr[end] = temp; start++; end--; }}/* Driver program to test above functions */int main(){ int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}; int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]); int d = 2; leftRotate(arr, d, n); printArray(arr, n); return 0;} |
Output:
3 4 5 6 7 1 2Time Complexity: O(n)
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